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The individual learned the traumatic event happened to a close family member or friend.He or she witnessed, in person, the event as it happened to others.He or she was a victim of the traumatic event.The individual was exposed to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in at least one of the following ways:.While the above encompasses the most common PTSD symptoms, the following criteria as outlined in the DSM-5 must be met in order for a post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis to be made (in those older than 6 years of age):
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Avoidance symptoms (avoiding things that remind you of the event).A noise, sight, or smell may also cause you to re-live the event (these are called triggers). There are symptoms like nightmares, flashbacks, frightening thoughts, and emotional/physical reactions to bad memories. Re-experiencing symptoms (re-living the event).PTSD symptoms are categorized into four different types. Not everyone has the same symptoms, and people experience symptoms in their own way. Symptoms of PTSD usually appear soon after a traumatic event however, in some cases, they might not appear until weeks, months, or even years later. Experiencing any situation where you are fearful for your life.Witnessing community violence or acts of unsafe activities in one’s community.Seeing another person being abused, hurt, or killed.Frequently witnessing distressing events (for example, when working in the military or emergency services).Ongoing physical, sexual, or psychological abuse or harassment.Accidents (like road traffic accidents).Natural disasters such as earthquakes or tsunamis.Living through, witnessing, or experiencing war.It could be something you are involved in or witness.Įxamples of traumatic events that may lead to PTSD include: It could be one event or a series of events. They are described as situations that cause fear, helplessness, serious injury, or a threat of injury or death. There is no one exhaustive list of trauma-related stimuli.